Africa’s pledge to make 60% of its medicines by 2040 has financing and political will. What it lacks is anyone accountable for making sure it happens.

Malaria control has effective tools, but weak delivery systems continue to limit their impact.

Africa wants to make more medicines locally. The harder task is building the markets to sustain them.

Public health professionals are often told to find their niche. The deeper problem is that the field operates through different decision systems, and too few people are taught how to read them.

Kenya, Ghana, and Zimbabwe show why the next test of global health partnership is data, fiscal risk, legal authority, and public consent.